Many plastic-molded products, like cable ties for solar projects, are “UV-rated,” but there is a wide interpretation of what that means. Cable ties come in different lengths, colors, widths and materials, but the “UV-rated” baseline for solar industry cable ties usually means they’re black. Cable tie resin is “natural” colored until a colorant, typically carbon black, is introduced into the manufacturing process. Carbon black is a major contributor to UV resistance of ties, and their longevity in the sun is dependent on the amount of carbon black used. So while using black cable ties for solar is the right way to go, the amount of carbon black really determines the ties’ lifespan.
With a lack of standards as to what “UV-rated” means, a tie could have as little as 0.03% carbon black and still make that claim. There have been many studies, originating with Bell Labs in the 1950s, that show around 2% carbon black as the optimum amount for extended life expectancies in outdoor wire applications. In addition to the amount of carbon black, smaller particle sizes and good particle distribution within the molded part also play a role.
Carbon black is considered a UV absorber because it takes the high-energy UV rays and converts them into heat before they can damage the polymer resin. UV resistance of molded plastics can be further improved with UV inhibitors.
Industry testing for UV weathering should be standardized. An out-of-the-big-box cable tie could be “UV-rated” and UL listed, but this does not mean a long life in the field. The long-term impacts of these decisions can be drastic. Cables droop, rub and sway in the wind, which can lead to a wide variety of faults, production losses and thousands of dollars in unexpected O&M costs.
We at Tycab Cable Ties use UV resistant chemicals imported from Europe. Any inks are pigment-based and designed for long-term outdoor durability. Where applicable, colors are either extruded into the material or laminated with thermal transfer printable films, designed for use with specialized ribbon inks that are carbon-based for extreme UV environments. We test the materials in actual outdoor use to verify and document results. Each label construction is unique and designed for the environment involved.
Not all UV-rated products are created equal. To ensure long-term durability in wire management and identification, search out high quality, well made and intensely tested products.